The PhD Oral Examination
in the
20th & 21st Century
In preparing for the examination, the doctoral candidate has a choice between a concentration on Modernism or a concentration on 20th and 21st century literatures. While the boundaries of the latter are given by the calendar, part of the preparation for the Modernism exam will involve developing arguments for the origins and the end of the period. In both cases, the aim of the exercise is to test the student's ability to interpret individual works and to place authors and texts within the framework of broadly defined movements. The exam ranges across British and American literary and intellectual history, and candidates may want to emphasize different cultural lineages, such as continental or postcolonial literatures. A focus on the 21st century will include a range of works in global anglophone literatures and theories of globalism and world literature.
The task of building the individual list is itself one of the central acts of preparation. Each candidate must arrange for a faculty member to serve as an examination adviser, and together the two will discuss the range of possibilities and then agree on the proposal to be submitted to the chair of the Twentieth Century area.
In order to respect the great cultural diversity of the period, the committee allows candidates significant flexibility in the construction of the list. Rather than indicate a limited set of approved works, the following long catalogue of authors is intended to serve as the basis for an individual student's proposal, which may indeed depend heavily on names and texts not mentioned below. (Titles as well as authors are given in the suggestions for secondary materials.)
The Novel:
Choose no fewer than 12 novelists, 5 of whom must be represented by more than one work.
- Henry James
- Joseph Conrad
- Edith Wharton
- Marcel Proust
- Ford Maddox Ford
- Theodore Dreiser
- Gertrude Stein
- Sherwood Anderson
- John Cowper Powys
- Willa Cather
- Thomas Mann
- James Joyce
- Franz Kafka
- D. H. Lawrence
- E. M. Forster
- Virginia Woolf
- Nella Larsen
- William Faulkner
- Zora Neale Hurston
- F. Scott Fitzgerald
- Ernest Hemingway
- Jean Rhys
- John Dos Passos
- Jorge Luis Borges
- Vladimir Nabokov
- R. K. Narayan
- Jean Toomer
- Henry Roth
- Richard Wright
- Patrick White
- Ralph Ellison
- Flannery O'Connor
- Doris Lessing
- James Baldwin
- Saul Bellow
- Phillip Roth
- Malcolm Lowry
- Chinua Achebe
- V. S. Naipaul
- William Burroughs
- Italo Calvino
- Thomas Pynchon
- Don DeLillo
- Salman Rushdie
- Nadine Gordimer
- Toni Morrison
- Amitav Ghosh
- Michael Ondaatje
- Alice Walker
- Margaret Atwood
- J. M. Coetzee
- David Mitchell
- Martin Amis
- Wilson Harris
- Kathy Acker
- Cormac McCarthy
- Louise Erdrich
- Zadie Smith
- Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
- Namwali Serpell
- Tsitsi Dangarembga
- Anne Enright
Poetry:
Choose no fewer than 12 poets, 5 of whom should be represented by a substantial body of work.
- Charles Baudelaire
- Stephane Mallarmé
- Thomas Hardy
- W. B. Yeats
- Robert Frost
- Rainer Maria Rilke
- Rabindranath Tagore
- Vladimir Mayakovsky
- Wallace Stevens
- William Carlos Williams
- D. H. Lawrence
- Ezra Pound
- H. D.
- Federigo Garcia Lorca
- Marianne Moore
- T. S. Eliot
- Wilfred Owen
- Hart Crane
- Pablo Neruda
- Langston Hughes
- W. B. Auden
- Elizabeth Bishop
- Robert Hayden
- John Berryman
- Robert Lowell
- Philip Larkin
- Allen Ginsberg
- Ted Hughes
- Sylvia Plath
- John Ashbery
- Anne Sexton
- Seamus Heaney
- Adrienne Rich
- Gwendolyn Brooks
- Derek Walcott
- Edward Kamau Brathwaite
- A. K. Ramanujan
- Louise Bennett
- Aga Shahid Ali
Drama:
Choose no fewer than 8 playwrights, 4 of whom must be represented by more than one work.
- Henrik Ibsen
- August Strindberg
- Oscar Wilde
- George Bernard Shaw
- Anton Chekhov
- Gerhart Hauptmann
- Luigi Pirandello
- W. B. Yeats
- J. M. Synge
- Alfred Jarry
- Susan Glaspell
- T. S. Eliot
- Sean O'Casey
- Eugene O'Neill
- Federigo Garcia Lorca
- Bertolt Brecht
- Samuel Beckett
- Jean Genet
- Tennessee Williams
- Eugene Ionesco
- Arthur Miller
- John Osborne
- Edward Albee
- Harold Pinter
- Wole Soyinka
- Lorraine Hansberry
- Derek Walcott
- Tom Stoppard
- Athol Fugard
- David Hare
- Brian Friel
- David Mamet
- Sam Shepard
- Ntozake Shange
- Caryl Churchill
- Timberlake Wertenbaker
- August Wilson
- Anna Devere Smith
- Tony Kushner
Modern Thought and Literary Theory:
Choose no fewer than 8 figures, each to be represented by several essays or a book.
- Karl Marx
- The German Ideology
- The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte
- selections from Capital
- Baudelaire, "The Painter of Modern Life"
- Edgar Allan Poe, Essays
- Ralph Waldo Emerson, Essays
- Walter Pater, The Renaissance
- Friedrich Nietzsche
- The Birth of Tragedy
- Beyond Good and Evil
- Twilight of the Idols
- Oscar Wilde, Intentions
- William James
- Pragmatism
- "The Will to Believe"
- Sigmund Freud
- The Interpretation of Dreams
- Civilization and Its Discontents
- Martin Heidegger
- Being and Time
- Poetry, Language, Thought
- Max Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism
- W. E. B. DuBois, The Souls of Black Folk
- T. S. Eliot
- "Tradition and the Individual Talent"
- "The Metaphysical Poets"
- Andre Breton, What is Surrealism?
- Bertolt Brecht, Brecht on Theatre
- Mikhail Bahktin, The Dialogical Imagination
- Georges Bataille, Visions of Excess
- Walter Benjamin
- "The Storyteller"
- "The Author as Producer"
- "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction"
- Jean-Paul Sartre
- Being and Nothingness
- Search for a Method
- Claude Lévi-Strauss
- Tristes Tropiques
- Structural Anthropology
- The Savage Mind
- Simone de Beauvoir, The Second Sex
- Ludwig Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations
- Octavio Paz, The Labyrinth of Solitude
- Theodor Adorno, Negative Dialectics
- Jacques Lacan, Ecrits
- Frantz Fanon, The Wretched of the Earth
- Roland Barthes
- Mythologies
- S/Z
- Susan Sontag, Against Interpretation
- Aimé Cesaire, Discourse on Colonialism
- Michel Foucault
- Discipline and Punish
- The Order of Things
- Jurgen Habermas, The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity
- Julia Kristeva
- Revolution in Poetic Language
- Powers of Horror
- Jacques Derrida
- Of Grammatology
- "Differance"
- Fredric Jameson, Postmodernism
- Richard Rorty, Contingency, Irony, Solidarity
- Pierre Bourdieu, Distinction
- Raymond Williams
- Culture and Society
- The Politics of Modernism
- Paul de Man, Blindness and Insight
- Gilles Deleuze, Anti-Oedipus (with Felix Guattari)
- Henry Louis Gates, The Signifying Monkey
- Judith Butler
- Gender Trouble
- The Psychic Life of Power
- Slavoj Zizek, The Sublime Object of Ideology
- Edward Said, Orientalism
- Eve Sedgwick
- Between Men
- Novel Gazing
- George Landow, ed., Hyper/Text/Theory
- Dipesh Chakrabarty
- Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference
- The Climate of History
Literary and Cultural History:
Choose at least 6 works.
- Steve Arata, ed. A Companion to the English Novel
- Shari Benstock, Women of the Left Bank
- Homi Bhabha, The Location of Culture
- Malcolm Bradbury and James McFarlane, Modernism
- Pheng Cheah, What is a World?
- Rita Felski,
- The Gender of Modernity
- The Limits of Critique
- Susan Stanford Friedman, Planetary Modernisms
- Henry Louis Gates Jr, The Signifying Monkey
- Susan Gilbert and Gubar, No Man's Land
- Paul Gilroy, The Black Atlantic
- Debjani Ganguly, This Thing Called the World: The Contemporary Novel as Global Form
- Stuart Hall, Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies
- Hutchinson, The Harlem Renaissance in Black and White
- Fredric Jameson
- Postmodernism, or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism
- Modernism and Imperialism
- Linda Hutcheon, The Politics of Postmodernism
- Andreas Huyssen, After the Great Divide
- Michael Levenson,
- A Genealogy of Modernism
- Modernism
- Mark McGurl, The Program Era: Pluralisms of Postwar American Fiction
- Perry Meisel, The Myth of the Modern
- Toril Moi, Revolution of the Ordinary
- Sianne Ngai, Our Aesthetic Categories
- Marjorie Perloff, The Dance of the Intellect
- Ato Quayson, Tragedy and Postcolonial Literature
- Jahan Ramazani, Poetry in a Global Age
- Edward Said, The World, The Text, The Critic
- Sanford Schwartz, The Matrix of Modernism
- Gayatri Spivak, A Critique of Postcolonial Reason
- Helen Vendler, The Music of What Happens
- Rebecca Walkowitz, Born Translated: The Contemporary Novel in the Age of World Literature
- Raymond Williams, Modernism and Politics
- Edmund Wilson, Axel's Castle
- Elizabeth Anker and Rita Felski, eds., Critique and Postcritique